Copy
⌘C
Copy selected text or items to the clipboard.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + C
MAC SHORTCUTS · macOS
Mac Keyboard Shortcuts
Search by what you want to do—take a screenshot, force quit, move a file—or type a keyboard combination. See simple before-and-after illustrations and similar Windows shortcuts.
⌘ Command⌥ Option / Alt⌃ Control⇧ ShiftFn Function key
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Search the entire shortcut library instantly12 random shortcuts
12 shown · 108 totalCut
⌘X
Cut selected text and place it on the clipboard. Moving files in Finder uses a different shortcut.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + X
Paste
⌘V
Insert text or files from the clipboard into the current location.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + V
Paste and Match Style
⌥⇧⌘V
Paste using the surrounding text style in apps that support it, rather than preserving the source formatting.
Undo
⌘Z
Reverse the most recent action.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Z
Redo
⇧⌘Z
Restore the last action you undid. Some apps use different shortcuts.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Y
Select All
⌘A
Select all text in a document or every item in the current view.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + A
Find
⌘F
Open the Find tool in the current document or app.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + F
Find Next
⌘G
Jump to the next match for your last search.
Similar on Windows F3
Find Previous
⇧⌘G
Jump to the previous match for your last search.
Similar on Windows Shift + F3
New Document or Window
⌘N
Create a new document or window in the active app.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + N
Open
⌘O
Open the selected item or bring up the Open dialog.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + O
Save
⌘S
Save changes to the current document.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + S
⌘P
Open the print dialog for the current document.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + P
New Tab
⌘T
Open a new tab in Safari or another app that supports tabs.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + T
Close Window or Tab
⌘W
Close the active window or tab without necessarily quitting the app.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + W
Quit App
⌘Q
Completely quit the active application.
Similar on Windows Alt + F4
Open App Settings
⌘,
Open the active app's settings or preferences.
Hide Current App
⌘H
Hide the active app's windows without quitting it.
Hide Other Apps
⌥⌘H
Hide other applications while keeping the current one visible.
Open Help Menu
⇧⌘?
Open the current application's Help menu. Some keyboard layouts require Shift to type the question mark.
Similar on Windows F1
Capture Entire Screen
⇧⌘3
Save a screenshot of the entire display to a file.
Similar on Windows PrtSc
Capture Selected Area
⇧⌘4
Drag to choose an area of the screen and save it as a screenshot.
Similar on Windows Win + Shift + S
Open Screenshot Toolbar
⇧⌘5
Show tools for taking screenshots and recording the screen.
Capture a Window
⇧⌘4 → Space
Press the shortcut, then Space, then select a window with the camera pointer.
Similar on Windows Alt + PrtSc
Copy Full-Screen Screenshot
⌃⇧⌘3
Copy a screenshot of the whole display to the clipboard instead of saving a file.
Copy Area Screenshot
⌃⇧⌘4
Select an area and copy the screenshot to the clipboard rather than a file.
Capture Touch Bar
⇧⌘6
Capture the Touch Bar on supported MacBook Pro models.
Create New Folder
⇧⌘N
Create a new, empty folder in Finder.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + N
New Folder with Selection
⌃⌘N
Create a new folder containing the selected Finder items.
Duplicate File
⌘D
Create a duplicate of the selected file or folder in Finder.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + C → Ctrl + V
Get File Info
⌘I
Open the information window showing a file's size, type, and other details.
Similar on Windows Alt + Enter
Quick Look Preview
Space
Preview the selected Finder item without launching its app.
Open Quick Look
⌘Y
Preview a selected file using Finder's Quick Look feature.
Go to Parent Folder
⌘↑
Open the folder containing the current Finder folder.
Similar on Windows Alt + ↑
Open Selected Item
⌘↓
Open the selected file or folder in Finder.
Similar on Windows Enter
Go to Folder
⇧⌘G
Enter a folder path to navigate to that location in Finder.
Open Home Folder
⇧⌘H
Open your user Home folder in Finder.
Open Desktop Folder
⇧⌘D
Open the Desktop folder in Finder.
Open Computer
⇧⌘C
Show the Computer view with disks connected to your Mac.
Show Recent Files
⇧⌘F
Open Finder's Recents view.
Connect to Server
⌘K
Open Finder's Connect to Server dialog for network shares.
Move to Trash
⌘Delete
Move selected Finder items into the Trash.
Similar on Windows Delete
Empty Trash
⇧⌘Delete
Start emptying the Trash in Finder. Review its contents before deleting.
Back to Previous Folder
⌘[
Return to the previous folder in Finder navigation history.
Similar on Windows Alt + ←
Forward to Next Folder
⌘]
Go forward through Finder navigation history.
Similar on Windows Alt + →
Icon View
⌘1
Show files as icons in Finder.
List View
⌘2
Show files in a list in Finder.
Column View
⌘3
Show folders and subfolders in columns in Finder.
Gallery View
⌘4
Show files with large previews in Finder.
Move Copied File Here
⌥⌘V
Move a file you previously copied in Finder from its original folder into the current folder.
Toggle Finder Sidebar
⌥⌘S
Show or hide the sidebar on the left side of a Finder window.
Toggle Status Bar
⌘/
Show or hide the status bar at the bottom of a Finder window.
Eject Disk
⌘E
Safely eject the selected disk or volume in Finder.
Create Smart Folder
⌥⌘N
Create a Finder Smart Folder that saves search criteria.
Open AirDrop
⇧⌘R
Open the AirDrop window in Finder.
Open Downloads Folder
⌥⌘L
Open your Downloads folder in Finder.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + J
Open iCloud Drive
⇧⌘I
Open iCloud Drive in Finder.
Switch Apps
⌘Tab
Switch between open applications in most-recently-used order.
Similar on Windows Alt + Tab
Switch Apps Backward
⇧⌘Tab
Move backward through the app switcher.
Similar on Windows Alt + Shift + Tab
Switch Windows in an App
⌘`
Switch between windows belonging to the active app. The key's position varies by keyboard layout.
Minimize Window
⌘M
Send the active window down to the Dock.
Similar on Windows Win + ↓
Minimize All App Windows
⌥⌘M
Minimize every window belonging to the active app.
Toggle Full Screen
⌃⌘F
Enter or exit Full Screen mode in supported apps.
Similar on Windows F11
Force Quit Apps
⌥⌘Esc
Open the Force Quit Applications dialog for unresponsive apps.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + Esc
Open Spotlight Search
⌘Space
Search for apps, files, and settings with Spotlight.
Similar on Windows Win + S
Open Emoji and Symbols
⌃⌘Space
Open the Character Viewer to insert emoji and special symbols.
Similar on Windows Win + .
Lock Screen
⌃⌘Q
Lock your Mac screen without signing out.
Similar on Windows Win + L
Log Out
⇧⌘Q
Open the confirmation dialog to log out of your user account.
Mission Control
⌃↑
Show open windows and desktop spaces together.
Similar on Windows Win + Tab
Show App Windows
⌃↓
Show all open windows belonging to the current app.
Show or Hide Dock
⌥⌘D
Toggle automatic hiding of the Dock.
Accessibility Shortcuts
⌥⌘F5
Open the Accessibility Shortcuts panel. Some Mac models also support pressing Touch ID three times.
Bold Text
⌘B
Apply or remove bold formatting in supported text editors.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + B
Italic Text
⌘I
Apply or remove italic formatting in supported text editors.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + I
Underline Text
⌘U
Apply or remove underline formatting in supported editors.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + U
Insert Link
⌘K
Add a hyperlink to the selected text in a supported editor.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + K
Forward Delete
FnDelete
Delete the character immediately to the right of the insertion point.
Similar on Windows Delete
Delete Previous Word
⌥Delete
Delete the word to the left of the cursor.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Backspace
Start of Line
⌘←
Move the insertion point to the start of the current line.
Similar on Windows Home
End of Line
⌘→
Move the insertion point to the end of the current line.
Similar on Windows End
Start of Document
⌘↑
Move the insertion point to the beginning of a document.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Home
End of Document
⌘↓
Move the insertion point to the end of a document.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + End
Previous Word
⌥←
Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + ←
Next Word
⌥→
Move the insertion point to the end of the next word.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + →
Select to Start of Line
⇧⌘←
Extend the text selection to the beginning of the current line.
Similar on Windows Shift + Home
Select to End of Line
⇧⌘→
Extend the text selection to the end of the current line.
Similar on Windows Shift + End
Select to Start of Document
⇧⌘↑
Extend the selection to the beginning of the document.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + Home
Select to End of Document
⇧⌘↓
Extend the selection to the end of the document.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + End
Select Previous Word
⌥⇧←
Extend selection to the start of the previous word.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + ←
Select Next Word
⌥⇧→
Extend selection to the end of the next word.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + →
Look Up Word Definition
⌃⌘D
Show a dictionary definition for a selected or hovered word in supported apps.
Find Next Misspelling
⌘;
Jump to the next spelling error in the document.
Focus Address Bar
⌘L
Focus Safari's Smart Search field to enter a web address or search.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + L
Next Tab
⌃Tab
Switch to the next tab to the right in Safari.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Tab
Previous Tab
⌃⇧Tab
Switch to the previous tab to the left in Safari.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + Tab
First Tab
⌘1
Select the first tab among Safari's first eight tabs.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + 1
Last Tab
⌘9
Select the last tab in Safari.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + 9
Reopen Closed Tab
⇧⌘T
Reopen the most recently closed tab or window in Safari.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + Shift + T
Back One Page
⌘[
Navigate back to the previous page in Safari history.
Similar on Windows Alt + ←
Forward One Page
⌘]
Navigate forward through Safari history.
Similar on Windows Alt + →
Zoom In
⌘+
Increase the size of webpage content in Safari.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + +
Zoom Out
⌘-
Decrease the size of webpage content in Safari.
Similar on Windows Ctrl + -
Page Down
Space
Scroll down one page in Safari.
Similar on Windows Page Down
Page Up
⇧Space
Scroll up one page in Safari.
Similar on Windows Page Up
Add to Reading List
⇧⌘D
Save the current Safari page to your Reading List.
Open Reader
⇧⌘R
Show a supported Safari webpage in Reader view.
Toggle Bookmarks Sidebar
⌃⌘1
Show or hide Safari's Bookmarks sidebar.
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About Mac keyboard shortcuts
This guide covers macOS, Finder, Safari, and common text-editing tasks. ⌘ Command often has a role similar to Ctrl on Windows, but not always. The Windows keys shown perform similar actions, not necessarily identical commands. Behavior can vary with the app, macOS version, keyboard layout, and personal settings. The before-and-after diagrams are original simplified illustrations, not actual screenshots.
Official sources: Apple Mac keyboard shortcuts · Safari shortcuts and gestures
Frequently asked questions
How do I copy and paste on a Mac?
Use Command (⌘) + C to copy and Command (⌘) + V to paste. To move a copied file in Finder, use Option (⌥) + Command (⌘) + V.
How do I take a partial screenshot on a Mac?
Press Shift (⇧) + Command (⌘) + 4 and drag over the area. Use Shift + Command + 5 for the screenshot and screen-recording toolbar.
What do ⌘, ⌥, ⌃ and ⇧ mean?
⌘ is Command, ⌥ is Option (Alt), ⌃ is Control, and ⇧ is Shift. These are different modifier keys.